# Germination and emergence vigour

> Germination is the seed taking up water and putting out a root and shoot; emergence vigour is the germinated seed’s ability to reach the soil surface quickly and strongly.

- Source page: <https://casseed.com.tr/en/glossary/germination-and-emergence/>
- Türkçe sürüm: <https://casseed.com.tr/sozluk/cimlenme-ve-cikis-gucu/>

_This document is a plain-text version of the page for AI tools and readers; the source page holds the current, authoritative information._

## In detail

Maize seed needs adequate soil moisture and temperature to germinate; sowing is generally not recommended before the soil warms above about 10 °C. In cold, wet soils germination slows and the seed stays exposed to diseases for longer.

Varieties with strong emergence vigour come up more evenly and at the same time even if conditions turn poor after sowing. Uniform emergence keeps plants across the field at the same growth stage.

## Why does it matter when choosing seed?

Reaching the target plant density depends first of all on seeds germinating and emerging. Germination and emergence vigour matter most for early sowing and cool soils.

## Related terms

- [Plant density](https://casseed.com.tr/en/glossary/plant-density/): Plant density is the number of plants growing per unit area, usually expressed as plants per decare or plants per hectare.
- [Plant spacing](https://casseed.com.tr/en/glossary/plant-spacing/): Plant spacing shows how far apart seeds are sown within the row and how far apart the rows are; for maize it is given in centimetres as in-row and between-row distance.
- [Hybrid seed](https://casseed.com.tr/en/glossary/hybrid-seed/): Hybrid seed is first-generation (F1) seed produced by the controlled crossing of two genetically different parent lines.

## Related CasSeed varieties

- [TCS-906 (FAO 700)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/tcs-906/): A late-maturity grain hybrid with fast dry-down and outstanding standability.
- [TCS-1634 (FAO 700)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/tcs-1634/): A flinty red-grained hybrid with high protein and complete tip fill.
- [TCS-8716 (FAO 700)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/tcs-8716/): A widely adapted grain hybrid with high test weight, suited to wider spacing.
- [TCS-8808 (FAO 700)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/tcs-8808/): Complete tip fill, high test weight and a hybrid that rewards denser planting.
- [KALE (FAO 650)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/kale/): Broad ears and a strong stalk — a mid-late hybrid for both grain and silage.
- [PAJDAŞ (FAO 500–550)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/pajdas/): Early, drought-tolerant and widely adaptable — the leader of its maturity group.