# Hybrid seed

> Hybrid seed is first-generation (F1) seed produced by the controlled crossing of two genetically different parent lines.

- Source page: <https://casseed.com.tr/en/glossary/hybrid-seed/>
- Türkçe sürüm: <https://casseed.com.tr/sozluk/hibrit-tohum/>

_This document is a plain-text version of the page for AI tools and readers; the source page holds the current, authoritative information._

## In detail

Maize hybrids are usually produced by crossing inbred lines that have been purified through self-pollination. F1 plants often grow more vigorously than their parents; this is called hybrid vigour (heterosis). Plants from the same hybrid are uniform in height, flowering and maturity.

If grain harvested from a hybrid crop is sown again, the second generation (F2) segregates: plants differ from one another, hybrid vigour declines and yield falls. That is why hybrid seed is sourced anew every season.

## Why does it matter when choosing seed?

A uniform field means sowing, fertilising, spraying and harvesting can all be done at the same time. Sourcing seed from a reliable supplier is decisive for the hybrid to show the characteristics stated on its sheet.

## Related terms

- [Germination and emergence vigour](https://casseed.com.tr/en/glossary/germination-and-emergence/): Germination is the seed taking up water and putting out a root and shoot; emergence vigour is the germinated seed’s ability to reach the soil surface quickly and strongly.
- [FAO maturity group](https://casseed.com.tr/en/glossary/fao-maturity-group/): The FAO maturity group is a numerical scale that classifies maize varieties by the time they need to mature; the higher the number, the later the variety matures.
- [Plant density](https://casseed.com.tr/en/glossary/plant-density/): Plant density is the number of plants growing per unit area, usually expressed as plants per decare or plants per hectare.

## Related CasSeed varieties

- [TCS-906 (FAO 700)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/tcs-906/): A late-maturity grain hybrid with fast dry-down and outstanding standability.
- [TCS-1634 (FAO 700)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/tcs-1634/): A flinty red-grained hybrid with high protein and complete tip fill.
- [TCS-8716 (FAO 700)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/tcs-8716/): A widely adapted grain hybrid with high test weight, suited to wider spacing.
- [TCS-8808 (FAO 700)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/tcs-8808/): Complete tip fill, high test weight and a hybrid that rewards denser planting.
- [KALE (FAO 650)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/kale/): Broad ears and a strong stalk — a mid-late hybrid for both grain and silage.
- [PAJDAŞ (FAO 500–550)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/pajdas/): Early, drought-tolerant and widely adaptable — the leader of its maturity group.
- [ADA-523 (FAO 650–700)](https://casseed.com.tr/en/products/ada-523/): 265–300 cm plant height and 9–10 t/da silage yield; also suited to starch and feed industries.